The Government of Tanzania has mandated the NTLP to implement collaborative TB/HIV activities in collaboration with the NACP and other stakeholders.The implementation of collaborative TB/HIV activities was necessitated by the fact that almost 50% of all TB patients are infected with HIV/AIDS and TB was the main opportunistic infection and major cause of death among People Living with HIV/AIDS. Implementation of collaborative TB/HIV activities started in 2005 in three pilot districts and now all districts are involved.

The main goal of collaborative TB/HIV activities is to reduce the burden of TB and HIV/AIDS in the population which is dually affected by both diseases. Tanzania is implementing collaborative TB/HIV activities following the National policy guidelines. The guidelines outline three main objectives and the following activities

A. Establish the mechanisms for collaboration between tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS programmes
A.1 set up a coordinating body for TB/HIV activities effective at all levels
A.2 Establishment of position of national TB/HIV coordinator and officers
A.3 Conduct surveillance of HIV prevalence among tuberculosis patients
A.4 Carry out joint TB/HIV planning
A.5. Resource mobilization for TB/HIV
A.6. TB/HIV capacity building
A.7. TB/HIV advocacy, communication and social mobilization
A.8. Patient empowerment and community involvement
A.9. Monitoring and evaluation
A.4 Operational research to enhance TB/HIV interventions
A.5 Partnership development and coordination

B. Decrease the burden of tuberculosis in people living with HIV/AIDS
B.1 Establish intensified tuberculosis case-finding
B.2 Introduce isonized preventive therapy
B.3 Ensure tuberculosis infection control in health care and congregate settings

C. Decrease the burden of HIV in tuberculosis patients
C.1 Provide HIV counselling and testing
C.2 Introduce HIV prevention methods
C.3 Provide co-trimoxazole preventive therapy
C.4 Ensure HIV/AIDS care and support
C.5 Provide antiretroviral therapy